Tazabut deg uselmed n tirawalt

Abstract

Tazrawt-nneɣ terza taɣult n tesnalmudt n tutlayt n tmaziɣt, tewwi-d ɣef tzabut deg uselmed n tirawalt aswir wis kraḍ, aɣerbaz alemmas, iswi-nteɣ ad d-nesken tamlilt n ulaɣmu n tzabut deg usnerni n tzemmar n tirawalt ɣer yinelmaden. Amahil-a yebḍa ɣef sin n yixfawen, Ixef amezwaru yerza tiẓri d tesnarayt, yebḍa ɣef sin n yiḥricen, aḥric amezwaru d tiẓri, yewwi-d ɣef uselmed n tirawalt akked tzabut, nsassen-d deg-s tabadut n tirawalt, tixutert i tesɛa, tisekkiwin-is d uselmed-is, syin akkin yezzi-d wawal ɣef tzabut. Aḥric wis sin d tasnarrayt, nsassen-d dɣa tasnarrayt i neḍfer deg tezrawt-a, deg-s nemmeslay-d ɣef tmental n ufran n usentel akked wannar ideg nga tasestant, syin akkin newwi-d ɣef tfukas d tarrayin i neḍfer i ugmar n yinefkan d tesleḍt-nsen. Ma d ixef wis sin d ixef n tesleḍt n yinefkan, yebḍa ɣef sin n yeḥricen, aḥric amezwaru, nesleḍ deg-s inefkan n tannayt, i d-negmer deg kraḍ n temsirin n tirawalt i neḥḍer deg tneɣrit n uswir wis kraḍ, aɣerbaz alemmas, akken ad nesken amek i d-llant. Ma d aḥric wis sin, tella-d tesleḍt n leqdicat n tzabut n yinelmaden, iwakken ad nẓer ma smersen timsirin-a n tirawalt, ma lemdent-tent. S wakka, ad nẓer ma alɣamu n tzabut yettɛiwin inelmaden akken ad lemden tirawalt. Ɣer taggara, nefka-d igemmaḍ i yellan d tiririt ɣef usteqsi agejdan akked turda i d-nessebded